Los Angeles is the second largest city in the United States in terms of population after New York City and one of the largest in terms of area. The city of Los Angeles extends for more than 40 miles from the mountains to the sea. Los Angeles County covers a massive 4,061 square miles, including 70 miles of Pacific coastline. It’s located in the southern part of California on the Pacific coast. The origin of its name derives from the Spanish word for ‘The Angels’. Los Angeles is not really a city but rather a sprawling metropolis comprised of more than 90 smaller cities including Beverly Hills, Pasadena, and Long Beach.

The city started in 1781 as a tiny village and expanded through a series of annexations in large part due to the monopoly over the Los Angeles River and from the Owens River. Because of its monopoly on water, the neighboring communities joined the city to ensure a steady supply of water. Los Angeles began by the annexations of Wilmington and San Pedro in 1909 to 1910 when a harbor was created in the city.
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California became a U.S. territory in 1847 and on September 9, 1850 as the 31st state. California is located on the West Coast of the United States, bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the northeast, Arizona to the southeast, the Mexican state of Baja California to the south, and the Pacific to the west.

Prior to the Gold Rush, migration to California was slow until 1848 when gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill. This marked the start of the California Gold Rush and influx of settlers in large numbers. The state of California has since been referred to as the ‘Golden’ state. In 1964, California surpassed New York to become the most populous state in the United States of America.
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